C++ is a general purpose programming language and widely used now a days for competitive programming. It has imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features. C++ runs on lots of platform like Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac etc.
Statically typed- A programming language is claimed to use static typing when type checking is performed during compile-time as opposed to run-time.
Compiled- A compiled language is a programming language whose implementations are typically compilers (translators that generate machine code from source code), and not interpreters (step-by-step executors of source code, where no pre-runtime translation takes place).
General-purpose- A general-purpose language could be a language that is generally applicable across application domains, and lacks specialized options for a specific domain. This is in contrast to a domain-specific language (DSL), which is specialized to a particular application domain.
Case-sensitive- C++ is case sensitive, ie, all identifiers, keywords, etc mean different things when they are in the different case.
Free-form- A free-form language is a programming language in which the positioning of characters on the page in program text is insignificant.
Procedural Programming- A procedural programming language is an important programming language whose programs have the ability to be primarily structured in terms of reusable procedures, e.g. subroutines and/or functions.
Object-oriented Programming- Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which may contain data, in the form of fields, often known as attributes; and code, in the form of procedures, often known as methods.
Generic Programming- Generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of types to-be-specified-later that are then instantiated when needed for specific types provided as parameters.
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(1) C++ is a highly portable language and is often the language of selection for multi-device, multi-platform app development.
(2) C++ is an object-oriented programming language and includes concepts like classes, inheritance, polymorphism, data abstraction, and encapsulation which allow code reusability and makes programs very maintainable.
(3) C++ use multi-paradigm programming. The Paradigm means the style of programming .paradigm concerned about logics, structure, and procedure of the program. C++ is multi-paradigm means it follows three paradigm Generic, Imperative, Object Oriented.
(4) It is useful for the low-level programming language and very efficient for general purpose.
(5) C++ gives the user complete control over memory management. This can be seen both as an advantage and a disadvantage as this increases the responsibility of the user to manage memory rather than it being managed by the Garbage collector.
(6) The wide range of applications − From GUI applications to 3D graphics for games to real-time mathematical simulations, C++ is everywhere.
(7) C++ has a huge community around it. Community size is important, because the larger a programming language community is, the more support you would be likely to get. C++ is the 6th most used and followed tag on StackOverflow and GitHub.
(8) C++ has a very big job market as it is used in various industries like finance, app development, game development, Virtual reality, etc.
(9) C++'s greatest strength is how scalable it could be, so apps that are very resource intensive are usually built with it. As a statically written language, C++ is usually more performant than the dynamically written languages because the code is type-checked before it is executed.
(10) Compatibility with C − C++ is compatible with C and virtually every valid C program is a valid C++ program.
(1) Arithmetic Operators
(2) Relational and Logical Operators
(3) The Conditional Operator
(4) The Increment and Decrement Operators
(5) The Precedence of Operators
(1) Basic Input/Output
(2) Using iostream functions like cin, cout
(3) Variables & Rules for naming Variables
(4) Basic Data Types- int,char,float,double
(5) Derived & Enumerated data types
(6) User defined Data Types
(1) The if statement
(2) The if-else statement
(3) Nesting of if statements
(4) The conditional expression
(5) The switch statement
(6) The while loop The do…while loop, The for loop
(7) The nesting of for loops
(8) The break statement and continue statement
(9) The goto statement
(1) Function Basics
(2) Function Prototypes
(3) Passing Parameters
(4) Call by Value & Call by Reference
(5) Passing string to function
(6) Functions Recursion
(7) Inline Functions
(8) Friend Functions
(1) Types of Errors
(2) Benefits of exception handling
(3) try, catch, throw keywords
(4) Throwing an exception
(5) ‘try’ block
(6) Catching an exception
(7) (1) Exception objects
(8) Rethrowing an exception
(9) Exception Handling Mechanism
(10) Catching all exceptions
(11) Nested try blocks
(1) File Streams Classes
(2) Opening & Closing a File
(3) Detection End of File
(4) File Pointers & Their Manipulation
(5) Sequential Files
(6) Random Access Files
(1) One Dimensional Arrays
(2) Multidimensional Arrays
(3) Passing array to function
(4) Strings Introduction
(5) String Built-in functions
(1) Basics of Pointers
(2) Pointers and Arrays
(3) Void pointers
(4) Memory Management in C++
(5) Malloc() vs new() in C++
(6) Free() vs delete() in C++
(1) Basics of Structures
(2) Structures in C++
(3) Unions in C++
(1) Defining a Class
(2) Creating Objects
(3) Access specifiers
(4) Accessing Class Members
(5) Scope Resolution Operator ( :: )
(6) Defining Member Functions
(7) Member function with argument
(7) This pointer
(8) Passing Objects as Arguments
(9) Returning Objects
(1) Constructors
(2) Properties of constructors
(3) Types of constructors
1. Default Constructors
2. Parameterized Constructors
3. Constructor Overloading
(4) Constructors with Default Arguments
(5) Destructors
(6) Differences between Member functions & Constructors
(7) Differences between Constructors & Destructors
(8) Static Data Members
(9) Static Member functions
(10) Constant Data members
(11) Constant Member Functions
(1) Class hierarchies
(2) Base classes
(3) Derived Classes
(4) Types of Inheritance & Programs
1. Single inheritance
2. Multiple inheritance
3. Hierarchical inheritance
4. Multi-level inheritance
5. Hybrid inheritance
(1) Static Binding
(2) Dynamic Binding
(3) Virtual Destructor
(4) Function Overriding
(5) Accessing Members using Pointers
(6) Virtual Functions
(7) Pure Virtual Functions
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